Principal Component Analysis ( Pca ) - 1021 Words

Principal component analysis (PCA) was attained on a dataset of 20 sites and 14 physico-chemical parameters to explore the relationships between major ions and trace metals. In this study, the PCA of analyzed data was applied to differentiate the contribution of natural sources to the chemical composition of groundwater in Jaypurhat district. This analysis also helps to find out information from datasets about sources of ion and factor controlling in groundwater quality. Factors with eigenvalues exceeding one were only considered for the study. Based on eigenvalues more than 1, seven PCs were extracted from groundwater quality parameters, which represented 90.69 % of total variance in the study area. A scree plot was used to demonstrate a†¦show more content†¦The high positive score of F- might be originated from dissolution of fluro-pyrites, fluorite, various silicate bearing minerals. However, the agricultural fertilizer is also the source of F- in the groundwater (Hem, 19 91). Furthermore, F- indicated moderate positive correlation with HCO3-. This correlation demonstrated that both F- and HCO3- are believed to be geogenic source rather than anthropogenic activities. The PC4 denoted 13.57 % of total variance in groundwater quality with strong positive loading on pH, I- and HCO3-, showing the alkalinity controlled process in groundwater. The high value of pH may have led to be dissolution of carbonate and hydroxide mineral in groundwater. The elevated value of HCO3- in the groundwater indicates intense mineral weathering, which favors a mineral dissolution (Stumm and Morgan, 1996). In addition to this, high HCO3- value may be caused by long-term irrigation practices in the study area that circulate the water in the soil/weathered zone. The PC5 accounted for 12.16 % of variance in groundwater quality. A high positive loading was depicted on Na+ and SO42- in S-14, S-16 and S19-20 sample locations. The high values of Na+, SO42- ions are mainly anthropoge nic sources like as the domestic wastes, leakage of septic tanks and agro-chemicals (Todd, 1980;Show MoreRelatedPrincipal Components Analysis ( Pca ) Versus Principal Axes Factors2012 Words   |  9 PagesPrincipal Components Analysis (PCA) versus Principal Axes Factors (PAF) and Other Extraction Methods Broadly, conducting factor analysis (FA) allows a researcher to analyze or interpret his or her data (e.g., measured variables) by reducing those variables into factors or components that underlie the structure or explain the greatest amount of variance in the data (Thompson, 2004). Thompson (2004) also tells us that FA may be used for many purposes, the most common of which is to uncover a relationshipRead MorePrinciple Component Analysis ( Pca )1329 Words   |  6 PagesPCA model Principle component analysis (PCA) is often used to reduce the dimensionality of a data set, and the reduced data can then explain most of the variance within the original data (Guo, Wang Louie, 2004). The main function of the PCA is to convert a number of interrelated variables into a smaller set of independent variables. The new independent variables which are called principal components (PCs). They are the linear combinations of the original variables (Jackson J.E., 2005). The PCARead MoreImprove ATM Security by Face Recognition Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pagesbuzzer is connected on the FPGA board which gives instructions to the user to access the Account. If the person is not authenticated then the process is terminated and the output is show on FPGA board with the help of LEDs. Keywords- Recognition, ATM, PCA, GSM, FPGA, Euclidian distance I. INTRODUCTION The face recognition plays very important role in security system [4]. The main objective of face recognition is to recognize person from pictures or video using databases of face. There are a lots ofRead MoreMeasuring Team Work On Health Care Settings1499 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept being studied (Aday Cornelius, 2006). In order to assist this first step, definitions of the three constructs; collaboration, communication and trust will be given to the experts. A Content Validity Index will be used to assist in this analysis (Table 1). Evaluating a scale’s content validity is a critical early step in enhancing the overall validity of an instrument (Beck Polit, 2006; Beck, Owen Polit, 2007). As mentioned above, content validity concerns the degree to which a scaleRead MoreThe first step in data analysis involved carrying out frequency distributions and cross-tabulations1400 Words   |  6 Pagesin data analysis involved carrying out frequency distributions and cross-tabulations to understand how the sample was distributed across the selected predictors of educational attainment, which was measured by the four educational transitions. Inclusion of Chi-square test further helped to assess for existence of association between the independent and dependent variables. 3.5.2 Construction of wealth index and data reduction for household no-income variables: principal component analysis FactorRead MoreThe Digital Of Digital Image1445 Words   |  6 PagesWatermarking is identified as a major technology to achieve copyright protection and multimedia security. Therefre recent studies in literature include some evident approaches for embedding data into multimedia element. Because of its useful frequency component separation, the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) is commonly used in watermarking schemes. In a DWT-based scheme, the DWT coefficients are modified with the data that represents the watermark. In this paper, we present a hybrid non-blind scheme basedRead MoreSolving The Physics Of The Problem1393 Words   |  6 Pagessuitable for our data set. 4.3.1 Clustering Analysis and related algorithms Clustering analysis is usually done to find various patterns that may exist in the dataset. A cluster consists of a set of data points, which are similar to the other data points within the same cluster while dissimilar to data points in the other clusters. In most cases, similarity criterion is the Euclidian distance between the data points. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) In Hca [Mueller et~al., 2015], clusteringRead MoreThe Human Visual System ( Hvs ) For More Secure And Effective Data Hiding1337 Words   |  6 PagesWatermarking is identified as a major technology to achieve copyright protection and multimedia security.Therefre recent studies in literature include some evident approaches for embedding data into multimedia element.Because of its useful frequency component separation, the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) is commonly used in watermarking schemes. In a DWT-based scheme, the DWT coefficients are modified with the data that represents the watermark. In this paper, we present a hybrid non-blind schemeRead MoreWomen s Role Norms Of Traditional Masculinity Ideology1306 Words   |  6 Pagesand symptoms and warning signs. To improve the reliability and validity of our final Knowledge about CRC and Early Detection Screening scale (which initially had a coefficient alpha of .45), eight items were later removed after exploratory factor analysis permitting the alpha for the re-defined scale to equal 0.54. Accordingly, each item was assigned 1 point if correct and participants had to answer 11 of the 13 questions correctly to receive a passing score (85%). Beliefs and Values about CRC andRead MoreFace Recognition Of Java Environment1552 Words   |  7 Pagesand to extract some useful information from it. It usually deals with treating images at 2D signals and applying signal processing methods to them. It can be generally defined as a 3 step process starting by importing the image. Continuing with its analysis and ending with either an alter image or an output. The application of in processing can be classified into five groups. The 5 groups are shown in fig 2 II. Face Recognition Techniques: This section is about different techniques